Child Welfare Systems in Canada are in place to take children that are being abused, neglected, or committing illegal acts out of their homes and placed into a different environment. There are various options available for children that can no longer stay in their homes with their current family members, these options include:
Foster care
Adoption
Group residential care
Child welfare in Canada refers to a system of services established by provincial and territorial governments, at times in partnership with private organizations called children's aid societies, to provide services that supplement or substitute for parental care and supervision.
ISSUES IN CHILD WELFARE
Enormous changes have occurred within the child welfare field in Canada over the past 30 years. Increased understanding of the dynamics of physical, emotional and sexual abuse and of child neglect have led to changes not only in the nature and focus of services available to children and families, but also in legislation which now requires professionals and members of the public to report suspected cases of child abuse. Social work education is now considered a requirement for those who do child welfare work in most jurisdictions.
More universal recognition of the relationship between broad social problems and child welfare issues has also changed the way that many communities organize services for children and families. Although there will always be some children and families who require the services of child protection agencies, there is general acceptance of the idea that a community that provides ample opportunities for meaningful employment, adequate housing, universally available education and health care, and good child care for working parents will experience fewer child welfare problems.
FAMILY ALLOWANCE-monthly allowance paid to families with children to help cover the costs of child maintenance and was Canada's first universal welfare program. The term universal is applied to benefits that are awarded solely on the basis of age, residence or citizenship, without reference to the recipient's income or assets.
SOCIAL SECURITY-denotes public programs intended to maintain, protect and raise basic living standards. Specifically the term covers publicly financed and administered programs that replace income that has been lost because of pregnancy, illness, accident, disability, the death or absence of a family's breadwinner, unemployment, old age or retirement, or other factors. In the novel, the Child Welfare System benefitted April and Cheryl because it kept them away from the negativity and addiction their parents were living. April and Cheryl left their parents to live better lives at fosters homes.
In the novel, the Child Welfare System benefitted April and Cheryl because it kept them away from the negativity and addiction their parents were living. April and Cheryl left their parents to live better lives at fosters homes. Although the Child Welfare System say they look out for a child's best interest, we'd have to disagree in the cases of April and Cheryl because they not only seperated the sisters from each other, they sent April to a family that abused and tortured April. (De Rosiers). Both April and Cheryl learn how one’s personal identity is tightly intertwined with one’s cultural heritage and how Métis people live with the confusion of belonging to two opposing ethnicities. The story deals with sensitive issues, such as the consequences of residential schools on Native children, the pervasive oppression of First Nations people in Canada, and the often untold tribulations of Métis women fighting to forge their place in a society who has robbed them of their rights.
Historical Development
From earliest recorded history, children were seen as commodities to be bought, sold or even put to death, owned absolutely by their fathers. The tendency for the state to intervene in the care of children is relatively recent. The "child-saving" era which began during the late 19th and early 20th centuries saw a variety of private philanthropic charitable and religious organizations begin to offer help to abandoned, orphaned and neglected children. These organizations operated orphanages, training schools and poor houses in an attempt to ensure that all children were reared as disciplined, industrious and literate citizens.
The rapid expansion of services in most provinces over the next 20 years bureaucratized and professionalized the services, greatly influencing the subsequent development of child-welfare services. Changes in child welfare were also affected by changing attitudes toward the participation of children in the labour market, by the increasing support for the importance of formal education, and through a gradual recognition that children had a right to be free from a variety of harms. Those responsible for both planning and delivering services in those days tended to focus on the family and its problems, and more broadly based societal problems (such as unemployment, poverty and poor housing) were less frequently identified as contributing factors.
Neglect and Abuse
Each province's legislation now defines those situations in which state intervention is required to protect a child, eg, those who have been orphaned, deserted, physically, sexually or emotionally abused, or whose guardians cannot provide adequate care, or those children whose behaviour is such that they are considered a risk to themselves or to those around them. Under this legislation the responsibility for investigation and intervention lies with a provincial child-welfare officer or an organization mandated for that purpose (eg, a children's aid society). Such offices must investigate any complaint of neglect or abuse and take whatever action is necessary to protect the child.
Suspected neglect or abuse of a child can be reported by anyone in the community. If the child is removed from the home by the court, the child welfare authority must arrange appropriate care (usually a temporary placement), and a social worker is assigned to work with the family so that the child can return to the home as soon as possible. A major emphasis in modern child welfare policy is the importance of supporting and enhancing families so that whenever possible children can be maintained with their birth families. Children permanently removed from their homes may be placed in adoptive homes, or may remain in care until the age of majority. In most cases the natural parents are able to maintain some contact with their child.
Child Welfare Systems in Canada are in place to take children that are being abused, neglected, or committing illegal acts out of their homes and placed into a different environment. There are various options available for children that can no longer stay in their homes with their current family members, these options include:
Child welfare in Canada refers to a system of services established by provincial and territorial governments, at times in partnership with private organizations called children's aid societies, to provide services that supplement or substitute for parental care and supervision.
ISSUES IN CHILD WELFARE
Enormous changes have occurred within the child welfare field in Canada over the past 30 years. Increased understanding of the dynamics of physical, emotional and sexual abuse and of child neglect have led to changes not only in the nature and focus of services available to children and families, but also in legislation which now requires professionals and members of the public to report suspected cases of child abuse. Social work education is now considered a requirement for those who do child welfare work in most jurisdictions.
More universal recognition of the relationship between broad social problems and child welfare issues has also changed the way that many communities organize services for children and families. Although there will always be some children and families who require the services of child protection agencies, there is general acceptance of the idea that a community that provides ample opportunities for meaningful employment, adequate housing, universally available education and health care, and good child care for working parents will experience fewer child welfare problems.
- SOCIAL SECURITY-denotes public programs intended to maintain, protect and raise basic living standards. Specifically the term covers publicly financed and administered programs that replace income that has been lost because of pregnancy, illness, accident, disability, the death or absence of a family's breadwinner, unemployment, old age or retirement, or other factors. In the novel, the Child Welfare System benefitted April and Cheryl because it kept them away from the negativity and addiction their parents were living. April and Cheryl left their parents to live better lives at fosters homes.
In the novel, the Child Welfare System benefitted April and Cheryl because it kept them away from the negativity and addiction their parents were living. April and Cheryl left their parents to live better lives at fosters homes. Although the Child Welfare System say they look out for a child's best interest, we'd have to disagree in the cases of April and Cheryl because they not only seperated the sisters from each other, they sent April to a family that abused and tortured April. (De Rosiers). Both April and Cheryl learn how one’s personal identity is tightly intertwined with one’s cultural heritage and how Métis people live with the confusion of belonging to two opposing ethnicities. The story deals with sensitive issues, such as the consequences of residential schools on Native children, the pervasive oppression of First Nations people in Canada, and the often untold tribulations of Métis women fighting to forge their place in a society who has robbed them of their rights.Historical Development
From earliest recorded history, children were seen as commodities to be bought, sold or even put to death, owned absolutely by their fathers. The tendency for the state to intervene in the care of children is relatively recent. The "child-saving" era which began during the late 19th and early 20th centuries saw a variety of private philanthropic charitable and religious organizations begin to offer help to abandoned, orphaned and neglected children. These organizations operated orphanages, training schools and poor houses in an attempt to ensure that all children were reared as disciplined, industrious and literate citizens.
The rapid expansion of services in most provinces over the next 20 years bureaucratized and professionalized the services, greatly influencing the subsequent development of child-welfare services. Changes in child welfare were also affected by changing attitudes toward the participation of children in the labour market, by the increasing support for the importance of formal education, and through a gradual recognition that children had a right to be free from a variety of harms. Those responsible for both planning and delivering services in those days tended to focus on the family and its problems, and more broadly based societal problems (such as unemployment, poverty and poor housing) were less frequently identified as contributing factors.
Neglect and Abuse
Each province's legislation now defines those situations in which state intervention is required to protect a child, eg, those who have been orphaned, deserted, physically, sexually or emotionally abused, or whose guardians cannot provide adequate care, or those children whose behaviour is such that they are considered a risk to themselves or to those around them. Under this legislation the responsibility for investigation and intervention lies with a provincial child-welfare officer or an organization mandated for that purpose (eg, a children's aid society). Such offices must investigate any complaint of neglect or abuse and take whatever action is necessary to protect the child.
Suspected neglect or abuse of a child can be reported by anyone in the community. If the child is removed from the home by the court, the child welfare authority must arrange appropriate care (usually a temporary placement), and a social worker is assigned to work with the family so that the child can return to the home as soon as possible. A major emphasis in modern child welfare policy is the importance of supporting and enhancing families so that whenever possible children can be maintained with their birth families. Children permanently removed from their homes may be placed in adoptive homes, or may remain in care until the age of majority. In most cases the natural parents are able to maintain some contact with their child.
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